Reform or irrelevance for the IMF?

The world needs an effective International Monetary Fund (IMF). Countries have become hugely indebted following the Covid-19 pandemic, and the risk of new shocks grows as the world warms and new pathogens emerge.

Protectionism (sometimes cloaked by security interests) is on the rise, impeding traditional pathways to development. As economies falter, no one wants to absorb the desperate people braving dense jungles or climbing onto rickety, overcrowded boats in search of decent livelihoods.