The Paris Agreement, which saw 193 parties and the European Union agree to cut greenhouse gas emissions, came into force on Nov 4, 2016.
Energy production and usage are sensitive topics amid global warming, net-zero targets, and ongoing reliance on fossil fuels. Nine years after the Paris Agreement, Asean still depends heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas.
In 2015, world leaders pledged to prevent global temperatures from rising by more than 1.5°C.

